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Technology which was used to make a computer is called vacuum tubes.
very big in size and take a large place to keep, they were very expensive to operate and take a great deal of electricity, generated a lot of heat, which was often the cause of malfunctions.
First generation computers are based on machine language, the lowest-level programming language understood by computers, to perform operations, and they could only solve one problem at a time. Input was based on punched cards and paper tape, and output was displayed on printouts. The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-generation computer.
Second Generation of a computer (1956-1963)
Technology which was used to make a computer is called transistor. Transistor replaced vacuum tubes and Became the second generation of computers. The transistor was invented in 1947 but did not see widespread use in computers until the late 1950s. The transistor was good to the vacuum tube,computers become smaller with the use of transistor, faster, cheaper, more energy-efficient and more reliable than their first-generation tubes. Though the transistor still generated a great deal of heat that subjected the computer to damage, it was a vast improvement over the vacuum tube. Second generation computers still relied on punched cards for input and printouts for output. Second generation computers used binary machine language assembly languages, which allowed programmers to specify instructions in words. High level programmable languages were also being developed at this time, like COBOL and FORTAN. These were also the first computers that stored their instructions in their brain. In second generation of computer Input was based on punched cards and paper tape, and output was displayed on printouts.
Technology which was used to make a computer is call Integrated circuit.Transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon chips,called semiconductors, which increased the speed and efficiency of computers. Instead of punched cards and printouts, users interacted with third generation computers through keyboards and monitor with an operating system. which allowed the device to run many different programs at one time with a central program that monitored the memory. Computers for the first time became accessible to a mass audience because they were smaller and cheaper than their predecessors.
Fourth Generation of a computer (1971-present )
Technology which was used to make
a computer is call mini processor. thousands of integrated circuits were built onto a single silicon chip. What in the first generation filled an entire room could now fit in the palm of the hand. The Intel 4004 chip, developed in 1971, located all the components of the computer from the central processing units and memory to input/output controls on a single chip. In 1981 IBM introduced its first computer for the home user, and in 1984 APPLE introduced the Macintosh. Microprocessors also moved out of the realm of desktop computers and into many areas of life as more and more everyday products began to use microprocessors. As these small computers became more powerful, they could be linked together to form networks, which eventually led to the development of the Internet. Fourth generation computers also saw the development of GUIs the mouseand handheld devices.
Fifth Generation of a computer (still to come artificial intelligence)
Fifth generation computing devices, based on artificial intelligence, are still in develop, though there are some applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used today. The use of parallel processing and superconductors is helping to make artificial intelligence a reality. in this generation we think that we give the computer a brain and he the computer has a ability to think and take his own decision
very big in size and take a large place to keep, they were very expensive to operate and take a great deal of electricity, generated a lot of heat, which was often the cause of malfunctions.
First generation computers are based on machine language, the lowest-level programming language understood by computers, to perform operations, and they could only solve one problem at a time. Input was based on punched cards and paper tape, and output was displayed on printouts. The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-generation computer.
Second Generation of a computer (1956-1963)
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Technology which was used to make a computer is call Integrated circuit.Transistors were miniaturized and placed on silicon chips,called semiconductors, which increased the speed and efficiency of computers. Instead of punched cards and printouts, users interacted with third generation computers through keyboards and monitor with an operating system. which allowed the device to run many different programs at one time with a central program that monitored the memory. Computers for the first time became accessible to a mass audience because they were smaller and cheaper than their predecessors.
Fourth Generation of a computer (1971-present )
Technology which was used to make
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Fifth generation computing devices, based on artificial intelligence, are still in develop, though there are some applications, such as voice recognition, that are being used today. The use of parallel processing and superconductors is helping to make artificial intelligence a reality. in this generation we think that we give the computer a brain and he the computer has a ability to think and take his own decision
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